NIST Structural Ceramics Database (SCD)

Bibliographic Information
SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Reference:
"Engineering Properties of Zirconia," R. Stevens, Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol. 4, pp. 775-786 (1991), edited by S.J. Schneider, Jr., published by ASM International.
Language: English
Notes: Subtitle: Ceramics and Glasses

General Materials Processing Notes
SCD Citation Number: Z00097

"Zirconia exhibits three well-defined polymorphs, the monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic phases; it has also been shown that a high-pressure orthorhombic form exists. The monoclinic phase is stable up to about 1170 °C (2140 °F) where it transforms to the tetragonal phase, which is stable up to 2370 °C (4300 °F) when the cubic phase exists up to the melting point of 2680 °C( 4855 °F). ... Additives such as calcia (CaO), magnesia (MgO), yttria (Y2O3), or ceria (CeO2) must be mixed with ZrO2 to stabilize the material in either the tetragonal or cubic phase. ...the cubic solid-solution phase... (is) commonly referred to as fully stabilized zirconia. ... Two-phase materials... which consists of precipitates of tetragonal and/or monoclinic phase (depending on the heat treatment) dispersed in a cubic matrix are known as partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ)... ...a ceramic that is wholly tetragonal... is now known as tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (TZP). ... The TZP ceramics (typically) contain a smaller amount of dopant (for example, (2 to 3) mol% Y2O3 or CeO2) as the stabilizer and have a microstructure consisting of (about) (1 to 5) µm grains... A typical PSZ ceramic contains a stabilizer of MgO, CaO, or Y2O3 (for example, Mg-PSZ containing 8 wt% MgO)..."


Index of Materials and Properties
SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Measurement Methods
SCD Citation Number: Z00097


Typical
Typical values usually are representative of trends of values commonly found for a general class of materials and are not necessarily the best or most appropriate values for any particular material.
Return to List of Materials and Properties

Material Specification and Properties for ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Chemical Class: Oxide
Chemical Family: Zr-O
Formula: ZrO2
Informal Name: zirconia
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Manufacturer: Typical
Process:



ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Elemental Composition
Amount of
Element
( formula units ) 		Element
 
( no unit )
1 Zr
2 O


Measurement Method: Reported Formula
Evaluation Status: Unevaluated


ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Bulk Modulus
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Bulk
Modulus
( GPa )
23 PSZ (3 wt%MgO) 373


Evaluation Status: Typical values only


ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Compressive Strength
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Compressive
Strength
( GPa )
25 PSZ(3 wt% MgO) 1.8


Measurement Method: Typical
Evaluation Status: Typical values only


ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Crystal Cell Axes
Space
Group
  		Phase
 
  		Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Axis
 
  		Axis Length
 
( Å )
P2t/c Monoclinic 23 a 5.1454
P2t/c Monoclinic 23 b 5.2075
P2t/c Monoclinic 23 c 5.3107
P42/nmc Tetragonal 23 a 3.64
P42/nmc Tetragonal 23 c 5.27
Fm3m Cubic 23 a 5.065


Evaluation Status: Typical values only


ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Density (mass)
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Density
 
( g cm-3 )
23 Monoclinic 5.68
23 Tetragonal 6.10


Evaluation Status: Typical values only
Cautions:
Data from methods designated as "typical" are only representative of trends of values commonly found and are not necessarily measured values.

ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Elastic Modulus
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Elastic
Modulus
( GPa )
20 PSZ(8 wt% MgO) 205
200 PSZ(8 wt% MgO) 195
300 PSZ(8 wt% MgO) 185
400 PSZ(8 wt% MgO) 173
500 PSZ(8 wt% MgO) 169
1100 PSZ(8 wt% MgO) 165
23 TZP 200


Evaluation Status: Typical values only
Cautions:
Data from methods designated as "typical" are only representative of trends of values commonly found and are not necessarily measured values.

ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Flexural Strength
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Flexural
Strength
( MPa )
50 TZP 1040
200 TZP 980
400 TZP 730
600 TZP 500
800 TZP 310
1000 TZP 230
1200 TZP 210
25 PSZ(3 wt% MgO) 634
500 PSZ(3 wt% MgO) 414
1000 PAS(3 wt% MgO) 290


Evaluation Status: Typical values only
Cautions:
Data from methods designated as "typical" are only representative of trends of values commonly found and are not necessarily measured values.

ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Fracture Toughness
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Fracture
Toughness
( MPa m1/2 )
23 PSZ(3 wt% MgO) 10
23 TZP 14


Evaluation Status: Typical values only
Cautions:
Data from methods designated as "typical" are only representative of trends of values commonly found and are not necessarily measured values.

ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Poisson's Ratio
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Poisson's
Ratio
( no unit )
23 PSZ(3 wt% MgO) 0.22


Evaluation Status: Typical values only
Cautions:
Data from methods designated as "typical" are only representative of trends of values commonly found and are not necessarily measured values.

ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Shear Modulus
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Shear
Modulus
( GPa )
23 PSZ(3 wt% MgO) 69


Evaluation Status: Typical values only
Cautions:
Data from methods designated as "typical" are only representative of trends of values commonly found and are not necessarily measured values.

ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Tensile Strength
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Tensile
Strength
( MPa )
25 PSZ(3 wt% MgO) 352


Evaluation Status: Typical values only
Cautions:
Data from methods designated as "typical" are only representative of trends of values commonly found and are not necessarily measured values.

ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Thermal Conductivity
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Thermal
Conductivity
( W m-1 K-1 )
100 TZP(3mol%Y2O3) 3.0
300 TZP(3mol%Y2O3) 2.9
500 TZP(3mol%Y2O3) 2.9
700 TZP(3mol%Y2O3) 3.1


Evaluation Status: Typical values only
Cautions:
Data from methods designated as "typical" are only representative of trends of values commonly found and are not necessarily measured values.

ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Thermal Expansion
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Thermal
Expansion
( 10-6 K-1 )
200 TZP(3mol%Y2O3) 8.7
600 TZP(3mol%Y2O3) 10.1
1000 TZP(3mol%Y2O3) 10.5
1400 TZP(3mol%Y2O3) 10.3


Evaluation Status: Typical values only
Cautions:
Data from methods designated as "typical" are only representative of trends of values commonly found and are not necessarily measured values.

ZrO2
Material number 1 of 1
in SCD Citation Number: Z00097

Weibull Modulus
Temperature
 
( °C ) 		Phase
 
  		Weibull
Modulus
( no unit )
23 PSZ(3 wt% MgO) 20
23 TZP 14


Evaluation Status: Typical values only

Return to List of Materials and Properties


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